Cleveland Museum of Art

Fol. 454v,Thessalonians I, historiated initial P, Paul seated with a sword and a book, talking to the bust of God above

Date: c. 1275–1300
Medium: ink, tempera and gold on vellum
Culture: Southern France, Toulouse(?), 13th century
Department: Medieval Art
Institution: Cleveland Museum of Art
Object ID: 166424

From the Cleveland Museum of Art record

Biblical manuscripts were highly prized and important possessions of churches, monasteries, cathedral schools, and universities throughout medieval Europe. The biblical texts were known as the vulgate, the translations made by Saint Jerome in the fourth century from Hebrew and Greek into Latin, which became the definitive and official Latin version of the Roman Church. In the 13th century, the bible was, for the first time, produced as a single volume with an officially sanctioned sequence to its books and chapters as illustrated by this example. The very extensive decoration of this bible is arranged hierarchically to indicate the relative importance of the various texts so that full or almost full-page initials mark the openings of the first prologue, Genesis, and the first Gospel; historiated initials mark the beginning of each book and illuminated initials mark the Prologues.

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Credit line: John L. Severance Fund

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