Cleveland Museum of Art

Portrait of a Man

John I Smart

Date

1786

Medium

watercolor on ivory in a gold frame

Culture

England, 18th century

Department

European Painting and Sculpture

Institution

Cleveland Museum of Art

John Smart painted this miniature in India, where he was based in Madras. The unidentified sitter has gray-brown eyes and powdered hair worn en queue . Smart painted the hair with a combination of loose brushstrokes, over which fine white lines are applied to suggest individual hairs and create movement that is carried through the stippling of the face. The manner in which he mixed his colors sometimes resulted in an alteration of the pigment, causing a sitter’s hair to appear pinkish, as can be seen here. A dusting of powder is visible on the sitter’s shoulder. He wears a blue coat featuring a red collar and a high white stock collar with a bow and ruffled jabot, the general effect of which is sometimes taken to suggest a military uniform. However, similar blue and red coats can be seen in portraits of American, British, and French gentlemen, including those of independent means, so this style of dress seems not to have been associated with any particular military or civilian uniform. The sitter’s face is sensitively described with Smart’s trademark stippling. Highlights over the brow, upper lip, around the eyes, and at the tip of the nose are created less with the addition of white than through the absence of darker stippled pigment. The overall result is a degree of warmth and depth not often found among the portraits of Smart’s contemporaries. The miniature is housed in a simple gold frame. John Smart signed this miniature in the corner with his initials and the date 1786.

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