Cleveland Museum of Art

Hours of Charles the Noble, King of Navarre (1361-1425): fol. 10v, October

Master of the Brussels Initials and AssociatesLinkedCulture matchlcp-82ff806f2fbe

Date

c. 1405

Medium

ink, tempera, and gold on vellum

Culture

France, Paris

Department

Medieval Art

Institution

Cleveland Museum of Art

Object ID

140496

This precious book was highly prized by its owner, Charles III, King of Navarre, a French-born prince whose coat of arms is painted on 20 folios. Charles visited Paris on numerous occasions and likely acquired this volume there in 1404. Paris was the center of the European book trade at the time and attracted illuminators from many parts of Europe. This manuscript represents one of the most remarkable fusions of French and Italian taste in book illumination. Though conforming to Parisian standards, most of the book’s major miniatures are the work of the Brussels Initials Master, an Italian illuminator who previously worked in Bologna and Padua.

The authoritative record is held by Cleveland Museum of Art. LinkedCulture surfaces this object and its connections; it does not alter institutional metadata.