Illuminated folio from a Gulistan (Rose Garden) of Sa'di (c. 1213–1291)

Cleveland Museum of Art

Illuminated folio from a Gulistan (Rose Garden) of Sa'di (c. 1213–1291)

Sultan 'Ali al-Mashadi

Date
about 1475–1500; border: about 1550
Medium
Gum tempera, ink, gold, and silver on paper
Culture
Iran
Department
Islamic Art
Institution
Cleveland Museum of Art

In the border surrounding the Persian poetical text, deer and a lion coexist peacefully in a forest. This imagery may reference the rule of a righteous king. The text is from the Gulistan , one of the most celebrated works of Persian literature, completed around 1258. Gulistan means “Rose Garden” in Persian; just as a rose garden is a collection of flowers, the contents are a collection of anecdotes. This page is from the section “On the Conduct of Kings.” The silver blooms and streams of water have tarnished and darkened over time.

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